«9»- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الْجَعْفَرِيِّ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام قَالَ كَانَ عَلِيٌّ عليه السلام يَقُولُ إِنَّ مِنْ حَقِّ الْعَالِمِ أَنْ لَا تُكْثِرَ عَلَيْهِ السُّؤَالَ وَ لَا تَجُرَّ بِثَوْبِهِ وَ إِذَا دَخَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَ عِنْدَهُ قَوْمٌ فَسَلِّمْ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعاً وَ خُصَّهُ بِالتَّحِيَّةِ دُونَهُمْ وَ اجْلِسْ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ لَا تَجْلِسْ خَلْفَهُ وَ لَا تَغْمِزْ بِعَيْنَيْكَ وَ لَا تُشِرْ بِيَدِكَ وَ لَا تُكْثِرْ مِنْ قَوْلِ قَالَ فُلَانٌ وَ قَالَ فُلَانٌ خِلَافاً لِقَوْلِهِ وَ لَا تَضْجَرْ بِطُولِ صُحْبَتِهِ فَإِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الْعَالِمِ مَثَلُ النَّخْلَةِ يُنْتَظَرُ بِهَا مَتَى يَسْقُطُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهَا شَيْ ءٌ وَ الْعَالِمُ أَعْظَمُ أَجْراً مِنَ الصَّائِمِ الْقَائِمِ الْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَ إِذَا مَاتَ الْعَالِمُ ثُلِمَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ ثُلْمَةٌ لَا يَسُدُّهَا شَيْ ءٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ.
Al-Mahasin: Sulayman al-Ja'fari related from a man that 'Ali, peace be upon him, used to say: Among the rights of scholars are these: do not question him overmuch; do not tug at his garment; when you come to a scholar who is sitting among a company, greet them all and give a second greeting especially to the scholar; sit before him, not behind him; do not wink at him nor point at him with your hand; and do not say much before him, "So-and-so said thus" and "So-and-so said so", contrary to his word. Do not vex him by prolonging the conversation, for the scholar is like a date-palm: you wait for the moment a fruit falls that you may benefit from it. The reward of the scholar is greater than that of the faster, the one who prays and the one who strives in the way of God. With the death of a scholar a breach is made in Islam that cannot be repaired until the Resurrection.
بيان: قوله عليه السلام و لا تجر بثوبه كناية عن الإبرام في السؤال و المنع عن قيامه عند تبرمه.
His words "and do not tug at his garment" are a figure for not pressing him hard with questions and not preventing him from rising when he has grown weary.
«10»- سن، المحاسن أَبِي عَنْ سَعْدَانَ ١ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ ٢ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام مَنْ قَامَ مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ تَعْظِيماً لِرَجُلٍ قَالَ مَكْرُوهٌ إِلَّا لِرَجُلٍ فِي الدِّينِ.
Al-Mahasin: Ishaq b. 'Ammar said: I said to Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him: What of rising in honour of someone? He said: It is disliked, except for a man of religion.
«11»- سن، المحاسن بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا رَفَعَهُ قَالَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام إِذَا جَلَسْتَ إِلَى الْعَالِمِ فَكُنْ عَلَى أَنْ تَسْمَعَ أَحْرَصَ مِنْكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَقُولَ وَ تَعَلَّمْ حُسْنَ الِاسْتِمَاعِ كَمَا تَعَلَّمُ حُسْنَ الْقَوْلِ وَ لَا تَقْطَعْ عَلَی حَدِيثِهِ.
Al-Mahasin: 'Ali, peace be upon him, said: When you sit with a scholar, be more eager to listen than to speak. Learn to listen well as you learn to speak well. Do not cut off the scholar's words.
«12»- شا، الإرشاد رَوَى حَارِثٌ الْأَعْوَرُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام يَقُولُ مِنْ حَقِّ الْعَالِمِ أَنْ لَا يُكْثَرَ عَلَيْهِ السُّؤَالُ وَ لَا يُعَنَّتَ فِي الْجَوَابِ ٣ وَ لَا يُلَحَّ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا كَسِلَ وَ لَا يُؤْخَذَ بِثَوْبِهِ إِذَا نَهَضَ وَ لَا يُشَارَ إِلَيْهِ بِيَدٍ فِي حَاجَةٍ وَ لَا يُفْشَی لَهُ سِرٌّ وَ لَا يُغْتَابَ عِنْدَهُ أَحَدٌ وَ يُعَظَّمَ كَمَا حَفِظَ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ وَ يَجْلِسَ الْمُتَعَلِّمُ أَمَامَهُ وَ لَا يُعْرِضَ مِنْ طُولِ صُحْبَتِهِ وَ إِذَا جَاءَهُ طَالِبُ عِلْمٍ وَ غَيْرُهُ فَوَجَدَهُ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ عَمَّهُمْ بِالسَّلَامِ وَ خَصَّهُ بِالتَّحِيَّةِ وَ لْيَحْفَظْ شَاهِداً وَ غَائِباً وَ لْيَعْرِفْ لَهُ حَقَّهُ فَإِنَّ الْعَالِمَ أَعْظَمُ أَجْراً مِنَ الصَّائِمِ الْقَائِمِ الْمُجَاهِدِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
Al-Irshad: Al-Harith al-A'war said: I heard the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, say: It is the right of the scholar that he not be questioned overmuch, and that he not answer harshly; that when he is out of sorts he not be pressed for an answer; that when he rises his garment not be pulled, and that he not be pointed at with the hand; that no secret be disclosed before him and no one backbitten in his presence; and that he be honoured, because he is the keeper of God's sanctities. The student should sit facing the teacher and not weary of long company with him; and when he sees him among a company, he should first give the general greeting and mark of respect and then greet him particularly and honour him; and he should guard him in his absence and in his presence, and observe his right. For the learned man's reward and wage are higher than those of the abstinent faster who strives in the way of God.