أَبَا جَعْفَرٍ قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ لَا تَحْمِلُوا عَلَى الْقِيَاسِ فَلَيْسَ مِنْ شَيْ ءٍ يَعْدِلُهُ الْقِيَاسُ إِلَّا وَ الْقِيَاسُ يَكْسِرُهُ.

whereas Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: Do not use analogy, for if one analogy confirms something, another analogy will contend with it and will break it.

بيان: قوله عليه السلام و صاروا في موضعنا أي رفعوا أنفسهم عن تقليد الإمام و ادعوا الإمامة حقيقة حيث زعموا أنهم يقدرون على العلم بأحكام اللّٰه من غير نص و قوله فليس من شي ء يعدله القياس أي ليس شي ء يحكم القياس بعدله و صدقه إلا و يكسره قياس آخر يعارضه فلا عبرة به و لا يصلح أن يكون مستندا لشي ء لوهنه.

These people have thrown off following the Imam, or have considered themselves above following the Imam — and this is in reality a claim to the imamate; and they have imagined that without the texts and narrations of the infallible ones they can have knowledge of the rulings, whereas if one analogy is true of a ruling, another analogy will conflict and contend with it and break it. So analogy, on account of its weakness and worthlessness, has no authority and cannot be the proof of a ruling.

«28»- ما، الأمالي للشيخ الطوسي الْمُفِيدُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْمَرَاغِيِّ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الصَّلْتِ عَنْ حَاجِبِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الْوَصَّافِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ طَلِيقٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عليهما السلام يَقُولُ ذِمَّتِي بِمَا أَقُولُ رَهِينَةٌ وَ أَنَا بِهِ زَعِيمٌ إِنَّهُ لَا يَهِيجُ عَلَى التَّقْوَى زَرْعُ قَوْمٍ وَ لَا يَظْمَأُ عَلَى التَّقْوَى سِنْخُ أَصْلٍ أَلَا إِنَّ الْخَيْرَ كُلَّ الْخَيْرِ فِيمَنْ عَرَفَ قَدْرَهُ وَ كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ جَهْلًا أَنْ لَا يَعْرِفَ قَدْرَهُ إِنَّ أَبْغَضَ خَلْقِ اللَّهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ رَجُلٌ قَمَشَ عِلْماً مِنْ أَغْمَارِ غَشْوَةٍ وَ أَوْبَاشِ فِتْنَةٍ فَهُوَ فِي عَمًى عَنِ الْهُدَى الَّذِي أُتِيَ بِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّهِ وَ ضَالٌّ عَنْ سُنَّةِ نَبِيِّهِ صلى اللّٰه عليه و آله يَظُنُّ أَنَّ الْحَقَّ فِي صُحُفِهِ كَلَّا وَ الَّذِي نَفْسُ ابْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بِيَدِهِ قَدْ ضَلَّ وَ أَضَلَّ مَنِ افْتَرَى سَمَّاهُ رَعَاعُ النَّاسِ عَالِماً وَ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَوْماً سَالِماً فَكَّرَ فَاسْتَكْثَرَ مَا قَلَّ مِنْهُ خَيْرٌ مِمَّا كَثُرَ حَتَّى إِذَا ارْتَوَى مِنْ غَيْرِ حَاصِلٍ وَ اسْتَكْثَرَ مِنْ غَيْرِ طَائِلٍ جَلَسَ لِلنَّاسِ مُفْتِياً ضَامِناً لِتَخْلِيصِ مَا اشْتَبَهَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنْ نَزَلَتْ بِهِ إِحْدَى الْمُهِمَّاتِ هَيَّأَ لَهَا حَشْواً مِنْ رَأْيِهِ ثُمَّ قَطَعَ عَلَى الشُّبُهَاتِ خَبَّاطُ جَهَالاتٍ رَكَّابُ عَشَوَاتٍ وَ النَّاسُ مِنْ عِلْمِهِ فِي مِثْلِ غَزْلِ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ لَا يَعْتَذِرُ مِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُ فَيَسْلَمَ وَ لَا يَعَضُّ عَلَى الْعِلْمِ بِضِرْسٍ قَاطِعٍ فَيَغْنَمَ تَصْرُخُ مِنْهُ الْمَوَارِيثُ وَ تَبْكِی مِنْ قَضَائِهِ الدِّمَاءُ وَ تُسْتَحَلُّ بِهِ الْفُرُوجُ الْحَرَامُ غَيْرُ مَلِی ءٍ وَ اللَّهِ بِإِصْدَارِ مَا وَرَدَ عَلَيْهِ وَ لَا نَادِمٍ عَلَى مَا فَرَّطَ مِنْهُ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ حَلَّتْ عَلَيْهِمُ النِّيَاحَةُ وَ هُمْ أَحْيَاءٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَمَنْ نَسْأَلُ بَعْدَكَ وَ عَلَی مَا نَعْتَمِدُ فَقَالَ اسْتَفْتِحُوا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهُ إِمَامٌ مُشْفِقٌ وَ هَادٍ مُرْشِدٌ وَ وَاعِظٌ نَاصِحٌ وَ دَلِيلٌ يُؤَدِّي إِلَى جَنَّةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ.

Amali al-Shaykh al-Tusi: From Khalid b. Talliq, from Imam 'Ali, peace be upon him, it is related that I heard him say: My responsibility is in pledge and surety for my word that with God-fearing no crop withers and with God-fearing no root goes thirsty. All good lies in a person's knowing his own measure. Not knowing one's own worth is ignorance. The most hateful of creatures to God is a man who has gained his learning from a company of fools and from every base and seditious quarter; in that case he is blind to seeing the way of guidance and astray from the practice of the Prophet. He supposes that truth is on a single page. By God he is astray and leading astray — one who gives false report and whom base people call a scholar, although he has not been a scholar for a single day. They have gathered many things whose good is little, have woven and fattened up useless learning. To get free of ambiguities, if he is asked about one of the important matters he utters some superfluous words of his own and contents himself with ambiguities. He is like one who walks in the darkness of night without a lamp. People's acting upon his knowledge is like clinging to a spider's thread. He himself is not excused and his learning is not a certain demonstration. He is a shepherd from whose hands inheritances cry out, from whose judgement bloods weep, and forbidden things of honour are made lawful. He is not fit to give judgement, nor is he repentant of his shortcoming. It is fitting that one should weep for such people while they are still alive. The narrator asked: O Commander of the Faithful! Of whom shall we ask after you and in whom shall we trust? He said: In the Book of God, which is a merciful, guiding leader, an admonishing counsellor and a guide that leads to Paradise.

بيان: الأغمار جمع غمر بالضم و هو الجاهل الغر الذي لم يجرب الأمور

"Aghmar" means ignorant, inexperienced people,