علمه و فقهه بين المسلمين أنه سئل عن شي ء فقال لا أحسنه فقال السائل إني جئت إليك لا أعرف غيرك فقال القاسم لا تنظر إلى طول لحيتي و كثرة الناس حولي و اللّٰه ما أحسنه فقال شيخ من قريش جالس إلى جنبه يا ابن أخي الزمها [الْزِمْهُ فقال فو اللّٰه ما رأيتك في مجلس أنبل منك اليوم فقال القاسم و اللّٰه لأن يقطع لساني أحب إلى أن أتكلم بما لا علم لي به.

jurisprudence were agreed upon by all the Muslims, was asked about a matter, he said: I do not know the correct answer to this question. The questioner said: I hastened to you for this purpose, since I knew no one other than you fit for it. Al-Qasim said: Do not look at the length of my beard and at the many people sitting beside me. By God, I do not know the correct answer to this question. Then an old man of the tribe of Quraysh who was sitting beside him said: Nephew! Give him the answer to the question and do not drive him away from you; by God, in every gathering where I have seen you, I have seen no one more learned than you. Al-Qasim said: By God, that my tongue should be torn out by the root is dearer to me than that I should speak about something of which I have no knowledge.

باب 17 ما جاء في تجويز المجادلة و المخاصمة في الدين و النهي عن المراء

Chapter 17: The permissibility of disputation and contention in religion, and the prohibition of wrangling

الآيات؛

The verses

آل عمران: «ها أَنْتُمْ هؤُلاءِ حاجَجْتُمْ فِيما لَكُمْ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلِمَ تُحَاجُّونَ فِيما لَيْسَ لَكُمْ بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَ أَنْتُمْ لا تَعْلَمُونَ»(65)

"Here you are [O People of the Book], you who disputed about what you had knowledge of; so why do you dispute about what you have no knowledge of? And God knows while you do not know."

الأعراف: «أَ تُجادِلُونَنِی فِي أَسْماءٍ سَمَّيْتُمُوها أَنْتُمْ وَ آباؤُكُمْ ما نَزَّلَ اللَّهُ بِها مِنْ سُلْطانٍ الأنفال يُجادِلُونَكَ فِي الْحَقِّ بَعْدَ ما تَبَيَّنَ»(5)

"He said: Truly punishment and [severe] wrath from your Lord have fallen upon you. Do you dispute with me about names which you and your fathers have named [for idols], for which God has sent down no authority? Then wait; I too am with you among those who wait." "They dispute with you about the truth after it has been made clear, as though they were being driven towards death while they look on."

النحل: «وَ جادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ»(124)

"And dispute with them in the [way] that is best."

الكهف: «فَلا تُمارِ فِيهِمْ إِلَّا مِراءً ظاهِراً وَ لا تَسْتَفْتِ فِيهِمْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَداً»(21) (و قال تعالی): «وَ كانَ الْإِنْسانُ أَكْثَرَ شَيْ ءٍ جَدَلًا»(53) (و قال تعالی): «وَ يُجادِلُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِالْباطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ وَ اتَّخَذُوا آياتِي وَ ما أُنْذِرُوا هُزُواً»(55)

"So do not wrangle about them except in an outward manner, and do not ask anyone about them." "And indeed in this Qur'an We have given people every kind of parable, yet man is above all things given to disputing." "And We send the messengers only as bearers of good tidings and as warners; and those who disbelieve dispute by falsehood in order to overthrow the truth by it, and they take My signs and the warnings they are given in mockery."

مريم: «وَ تُنْذِرَ بِهِ قَوْماً لُدًّا»(96)

"And that you may warn by it a contentious people."

الحج: «وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُجادِلُ فِي اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَ يَتَّبِعُ كُلَّ شَيْطانٍ مَرِيدٍ»(2) (و قال تعالی): «وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُجادِلُ فِي اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَ لا هُدیً وَ لا كِتابٍ مُنِيرٍ ثانِيَ عِطْفِهِ لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَهُ فِي الدُّنْيا خِزْيٌ وَ نُذِيقُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيامَةِ عَذابَ الْحَرِيقِ»(7 ، 8) (و قال تعالی): «وَ إِنْ جادَلُوكَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِما تَعْمَلُونَ»(67)

al-Hajj: "And among people are some who dispute about God without any knowledge and follow every rebellious devil." "And among people is one who disputes about God without any knowledge, without any guidance and without an illuminating Book, [and that] out of arrogance, so as to lead [people] astray from the way of God. For him is disgrace in this world, and on the Day of Resurrection We shall make him taste the punishment of the burning Fire." "And if they dispute with you, say: God knows best what you do."

الفرقان: «فَلا تُطِعِ الْكافِرِينَ وَ جاهِدْهُمْ بِهِ جِهاداً كَبِيراً»(51)

al-Furqan: "So do not obey the unbelievers, and strive against them with [the inspiration of] the Qur'an in a mighty striving."

النمل: «قُلْ هاتُوا بُرْهانَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ»(63)

al-Naml: "Or He who originates creation and then brings it back, and who provides for you from heaven and earth? Is there a god with God? Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful."

العنكبوت: «وَ لا تُجادِلُوا أَهْلَ الْكِتابِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ»(45)

al-'Ankabut: "And do not dispute with the People of the Book except in the [way] that is best — save with those of them who have done wrong — and say: We believe in what has been sent down to us and [what] has been sent down to you; and our God and your God is one, and to Him we submit."