المؤمن: «ما يُجادِلُ فِي آياتِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا»(3) (و قال سبحانه): «وَ جادَلُوا بِالْباطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ»(4) (و قال تعالى): «الَّذِينَ يُجادِلُونَ فِي آياتِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ سُلْطانٍ أَتاهُمْ كَبُرَ مَقْتاً عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَ عِنْدَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا»(35) (و قال سبحانه): «إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُجادِلُونَ فِي آياتِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ سُلْطانٍ أَتاهُمْ إِنْ فِي صُدُورِهِمْ إِلَّا كِبْرٌ ما هُمْ بِبالِغِيهِ»(55) (و قال تعالی): «أَ لَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يُجادِلُونَ فِي آياتِ اللَّهِ أَنَّى يُصْرَفُونَ»(68) حمعسق: «وَ الَّذِينَ يُحَاجُّونَ فِي اللَّهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ ما اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ حُجَّتُهُمْ داحِضَةٌ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ وَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَضَبٌ وَ لَهُمْ عَذابٌ شَدِيدٌ»(15) (و قال تعالى): «أَلا إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُمارُونَ فِي السَّاعَةِ لَفِي ضَلالٍ بَعِيدٍ»(17) (و قال تعالی): «وَ يَعْلَمَ الَّذِينَ يُجادِلُونَ فِي آياتِنا ما لَهُمْ مِنْ مَحِيصٍ»(34)

"None disputes about the signs of God save those who disbelieve; so let not their going to and fro in the lands deceive you." "And they disputed by falsehood in order to overthrow the truth by it; so I seized them — and how was My retribution?" "Those who dispute about the signs of God without any authority having come to them — [this contention] is a great abhorrence in the sight of God and in the sight of those who believe. Thus does God set a seal upon the heart of every arrogant tyrant." "Truly those who dispute about the signs of God without any authority having come to them have nothing in their breasts but a striving for greatness [which they will never attain]. So seek refuge in God." "Have you not seen how those who dispute about [refuting] the signs of God have been turned away [from the truth]?" "And those who dispute about God after He has been answered — their argument is void with their Lord, and upon them is wrath [from God], and theirs is a severe punishment." "Those who do not believe in it seek to hasten it, while those who believe are in awe of it and know that it is the truth. Know that those who doubt concerning the Hour are surely in far-reaching error." "And [that] those who dispute about Our signs may know that for them there is no place of escape."

الزخرف: «ما ضَرَبُوهُ لَكَ إِلَّا جَدَلًا بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ»(57)

al-Zukhruf: "And they said: Are our gods better or he? They did not set it forth to you save by way of disputation; rather they are a contentious people."

«1»- ج، الإحتجاج رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى اللّٰه عليه و آله أَنَّهُ قَالَ: نَحْنُ الْمُجَادِلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ.

Al-Ihtijaj: It is related from the Prophet, may God bless him and his family, that he said: We are the disputants in the religion of God.

«2»- ج، الإحتجاج بِالْإِسْنَادِ عَنْ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَسْكَرِيِّ عليه السلام قَالَ: ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ الصَّادِقِ عليه السلام الْجِدَالُ فِي الدِّينِ وَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى اللّٰه عليه و آله وَ الْأَئِمَّةَ الْمَعْصُومِينَ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ قَدْ نَهَوْا عَنْهُ فَقَالَ الصَّادِقُ عليه السلام لَمْ يُنْهَ عَنْهُ مُطْلَقاً لَكِنَّهُ نُهِیَ عَنِ الْجِدَالِ بِغَيْرِ الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ أَ مَا تَسْمَعُونَ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ وَ لا تُجادِلُوا أَهْلَ الْكِتابِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ وَ قَوْلَهُ تَعَالَى ادْعُ إِلى سَبِيلِ رَبِّكَ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَ الْمَوْعِظَةِ الْحَسَنَةِ وَ جادِلْهُمْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ فَالْجِدَالُ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ قَدْ قَرَنَهُ الْعُلَمَاءُ بِالدِّينِ وَ الْجِدَالُ بِغَيْرِ الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ مُحَرَّمٌ وَ حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى شِيعَتِنَا وَ كَيْفَ يُحَرِّمُ اللَّهُ الْجِدَالَ جُمْلَةً وَ هُوَ يَقُولُ وَ قالُوا لَنْ يَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ إِلَّا مَنْ كانَ هُوداً أَوْ نَصارى قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى تِلْكَ أَمانِيُّهُمْ قُلْ هاتُوا بُرْهانَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ فَجَعَلَ عِلْمَ الصِّدْقِ وَ الْإِيمَانَ بِالْبُرْهَانِ وَ هَلْ يُؤْتَى بِالْبُرْهَانِ إِلَّا فِي الْجِدَالِ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ قِيلَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَمَا الْجِدَالُ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ وَ الَّتِي لَيْسَتْ بِأَحْسَنَ قَالَ أَمَّا الْجِدَالُ بِغَيْرِ الَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ أَنْ تُجَادِلَ مُبْطِلًا فَيُورِدَ عَلَيْكَ بَاطِلًا فَلَا تَرُدَّهُ بِحُجَّةٍ قَدْ نَصَبَهَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَ لَكِنْ تَجْحَدُ قَوْلَهُ أَوْ تَجْحَدُ حَقّاً يُرِيدُ ذَلِكَ الْمُبْطِلُ أَنْ يُعِينَ بِهِ بَاطِلَهُ فَتَجْحَدُ ذَلِكَ الْحَقَّ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ عَلَيْكَ فِيهِ حُجَّةٌ لِأَنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي كَيْفَ الْمَخْلَصُ مِنْهُ فَذَلِكَ حَرَامٌ عَلَى شِيعَتِنَا أَنْ يَصِيرُوا فِتْنَةً عَلَى ضُعَفَاءِ إِخْوَانِهِمْ وَ عَلَی الْمُبْطِلِينَ

Al-Ihtijaj: It is related from Imam al-Hasan al-'Askari, peace be upon him: One day in the presence of Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, the matter was raised that the Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family, had forbidden disputation and debate in religion. The Imam, peace be upon him, said: The Messenger of God, may God bless him and his family, did not forbid disputation absolutely; rather he forbade that speech and discussion which is not the better. Have you not heard these words of God: "And do not dispute with the People of the Book except in the [way] that is best"? And again He said: "Call to the way of your Lord with wisdom and good admonition, and dispute with them in the [way] that is best." The religious scholars have counted the better disputation among the requirements of religion and have held discussion that is not the better to be forbidden. And God has forbidden that very thing to our Shi'a. And how could He have forbidden disputation and debate absolutely, when He Himself said: "And they said: None shall enter Paradise save one who is a Jew or a Christian. Those are their [vain] hopes. Say: Bring your proof if you are truthful"? And He continued: "Those are their vain hopes; say: Bring your proof if you are truthful." In this noble verse He has made the criterion of truthfulness and of proving a claim to be the bringing of a demonstration; and it is quite clear that demonstration is the very disputation and argument that is best. It was said: O son of the Messenger of God, what is the disputation that is best and that which is not the best? Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: Disputation that is not the best is that by which you deny a truth and acknowledge a falsehood, and, for fear that your opponent's claim be established, you reject his true and sound words; or you seek to answer a false statement with another unsound and false statement. This kind of disputation, which brings trouble upon our weak followers and upon the people of falsehood, is forbidden and prohibited.