«24»- وَ قَالَ صلى اللّٰه عليه و آله يَظْهَرُ الدِّينُ حَتَّى يُجَاوِزَ الْبِحَارَ وَ يُخَاضُ الْبِحَارُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي مِنْ بَعْدِكُمْ أَقْوَامٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ يَقُولُونَ قَرَأْنَا الْقُرْآنَ مَنْ أَقْرَأُ مِنَّا وَ مَنْ أَفْقَهُ مِنَّا وَ مَنْ أَعْلَمُ مِنَّا ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ هَلْ فِي أُولَئِكَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ قَالُوا لَا قَالَ أُولَئِكَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وَ أُولئِكَ هُمْ وَقُودُ النَّارِ.

And he said: God will spread this religion so widely that it will cross the seas, and the seas will be cleaved for God's sake. Then after you a group will come who recite a verse of the Qur'an and say: We are reciters of the Qur'an; is there anyone in the world a better reciter, a better jurist and more learned than we? Then he turned to his companions and said: Is any good to be expected of this group? They said: No. He said: They are of you, this community — and the address of the noble verse "And they themselves are the fuel of the Fire" is about them.

«25»- وَ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام قَصَمَ ظَهْرِي عَالِمٌ مُتَهَتِّكٌ وَ جَاهِلٌ مُتَنَسِّكٌ فَالْجَاهِلُ يَغُشُّ النَّاسَ بِتَنَسُّكِهِ وَ الْعَالِمُ يَغُرُّهُمْ بِتَهَتُّكِهِ.

The Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: Two men have broken my back: (1) a shameless scholar, (2) an ignorant worshipper. The ignorant man deceives people with his worship, and the scholar with his shamelessness and his heedlessness.

باب 16 النهى عن القول بغير علم و الإفتاء بالرأي و بيان شرائطه

Chapter 16: The prohibition of speaking without knowledge and of giving rulings by personal opinion, and the statement of its conditions

الآيات؛

The verses

البقرة: «فَوَيْلٌ لِلَّذِينَ يَكْتُبُونَ الْكِتابَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هذا مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ لِيَشْتَرُوا بِهِ ثَمَناً قَلِيلًا فَوَيْلٌ لَهُمْ مِمَّا كَتَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَ وَيْلٌ لَهُمْ مِمَّا يَكْسِبُونَ»(78) (و قال تعالى): «أَمْ تَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ ما لا تَعْلَمُونَ»(79)

al-Baqara: "So woe to those who write the Book with their own hands and then say: This is from God, that they may buy with it a paltry price; so woe to them for what their hands have written, and woe to them for what they earn." "Do you ascribe to God falsely what you do not know?"

آل عمران: «وَ إِنَّ مِنْهُمْ لَفَرِيقاً يَلْوُونَ أَلْسِنَتَهُمْ بِالْكِتابِ لِتَحْسَبُوهُ مِنَ الْكِتابِ وَ ما هُوَ مِنَ الْكِتابِ وَ يَقُولُونَ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ وَ ما هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ اللَّهِ وَ يَقُولُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ وَ هُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ»(77) (و قال تعالى): «فَمَنِ افْتَرى عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذلِكَ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ»(93)

Al 'Imran: "And among them is a party who twist their tongues with the Book, that you may suppose it to be from the Book, though it is not from the Book; and they say: It is from God, though it is not from God — and they speak falsehood against God while they know." "So those who invent falsehood against God after this — they are the wrongdoers."

النساء: «انْظُرْ كَيْفَ يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ وَ كَفی بِهِ إِثْماً مُبِيناً»(49)

al-Nisa': "See how they invent falsehood against God — and that suffices as a manifest sin."

المائدة: «وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْكافِرُونَ»(43) (و قال): «وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ»(44) (و قال): «وَ مَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِما أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولئِكَ هُمُ الْفاسِقُونَ»(46) (و قال تعالی): «وَ لكِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يَفْتَرُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ الْكَذِبَ وَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لا يَعْقِلُونَ»(102)

"And those who do not judge by what God has sent down — they are the unbelievers." "And those who do not judge by what God has sent down — they are the wrongdoers." "And those who do not judge by what God has sent down — they are the transgressors." "But those who disbelieve invent falsehood against God, and most of them do not use their reason."

الأنعام: «وَ مَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِباً أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآياتِهِ إِنَّهُ لا يُفْلِحُ الظَّالِمُونَ»(21) (و قال تعالی): «افْتِراءً عَلَيْهِ سَيَجْزِيهِمْ بِما كانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ»(137) (و قال تعالى): «قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوا أَوْلادَهُمْ سَفَهاً بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَ حَرَّمُوا ما رَزَقَهُمُ اللَّهُ افْتِراءً عَلَى اللَّهِ قَدْ ضَلُّوا وَ ما كانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ»(139)

"And who is a greater wrongdoer than one who invents falsehood against God or denies His signs? Truly the wrongdoers will not prosper." "Soon [God] will requite them for what they used to invent." "Those who, out of folly and ignorance, have killed their own children and have forbidden what God had provided for them — inventing falsehood against God — have suffered a grievous loss. They have truly gone astray and are not guided."