كتاب عاصم بن حميد، عن محمد بن مسلم عن أبي جعفر عليه السلام عن أمير المؤمنين صلوات اللّٰه عليه مثله.

The book of 'Asim b. Humayd: From Muhammad b. Muslim, from 'Ali, peace be upon him, the like of it is related.

«9»- ع، علل الشرائع أَبِي رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْعُقَيْلِيِّ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقُرَشِيِّ رَفَعَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ: دَخَلَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ عَلَى أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام فَقَالَ لَهُ يَا أَبَا حَنِيفَةَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تَقِيسُ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَنَا أَقِيسُ قَالَ لَا تَقِسْ فَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَاسَ إِبْلِيسُ حِينَ قَالَ خَلَقْتَنِي مِنْ نارٍ وَ خَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ طِينٍ فَقَاسَ مَا بَيْنَ النَّارِ وَ الطِّينِ وَ لَوْ قَاسَ نُورِيَّةَ النَّارِ عَرَفَ فَضْلَ مَا بَيْنَ النُّورَيْنِ وَ صَفَاءَ أَحَدِهِمَا عَلَی الْآخَرِ وَ لَكِنْ قِسْ لِي رَأْسَكَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أُذُنَيْكَ مَا لَهُمَا مُرَّتَانِ قَالَ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ فَأَنْتَ لَا تُحْسِنُ تَقِيسُ رَأْسَكَ فَكَيْفَ تَقِيسُ الْحَلَالَ وَ الْحَرَامَ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا هُوَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ جَعَلَ الْأُذُنَيْنِ مُرَّتَيْنِ لِئَلَّا يَدْخُلَهُمَا شَيْ ءٌ إِلَّا مَاتَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَقَتَلَ ابْنَ آدَمَ الْهَوَامُّ وَ جَعَلَ الشَّفَتَيْنِ عَذْبَتَيْنِ لِيَجِدَ ابْنُ آدَمَ طَعْمَ الْحُلْوِ وَ الْمُرِّ وَ جَعَلَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ مَالِحَتَيْنِ لِأَنَّهُمَا شَحْمَتَانِ وَ لَوْ لَا مُلُوحَتُهُمَا لَذَابَتَا وَ جَعَلَ الْأَنْفَ بَارِداً سَائِلًا لِئَلَّا يَدَعَ فِي الرَّأْسِ دَاءً إِلَّا أَخْرَجَهُ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَثَقُلَ الدِّمَاغُ وَ تَدَوَّدَ.

'Ilal al-Shara'i': Al-Shaykh al-Saduq related from his father, from 'Abdallah al-Qurashi: Abu Hanifa came in upon al-Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, and the Imam, peace be upon him, said to him: O Abu Hanifa, I have heard that you use analogy. Abu Hanifa said: Yes, I use analogy. The Imam said: Do not use analogy, for the first to use analogy was Iblis, who said to the Truth, exalted be He: You created me from fire and Adam from clay; how then should I prostrate to him? So Iblis in this word of his drew an analogy between fire and clay, whereas had he compared Adam's being light with fire's being light, he would have perceived the superiority between the two lights and would have acknowledged that one is purer and more lustrous than the other. Now you who claim to use analogy — use analogy upon your own head for me, and tell me about your two ears: why is there a bitter substance in them? Abu Hanifa said: I do not know. The Imam said: Then you cannot use analogy upon your own head; how then do you use analogy in God's lawful and unlawful? He said: O son of the Messenger of God, do you tell me why there is a bitter substance in them? The Imam said: God, Mighty and Majestic, made the ears bitter so that no creature may enter them without dying; and were it not so, insects would kill people. And the merciful God made the lips sweet so that man may feel the taste of sweetness and bitterness, and made the eyes salty because the eyes are fat and, were there no salt substance in them, they would melt away. And in the nose He placed a flowing moisture, because no pain or affliction arises in the head but that this moisture expels it; and were it not for this moisture, the brain would become hard and solid and would breed worms.

ع، علل الشرائع أبي عن سعد عن البرقي عن محمد بن علي عن عيسى بن عبد اللّٰه مثله.

'Ilal al-Shara'i': 'Isa b. 'Abdallah related the like of it.

«10»- ع، علل الشرائع مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقُرَشِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ شُبْرُمَةَ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَ أَبُو حَنِيفَةَ عَلَى جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عليهما السلام فَقَالَ لِأَبِي حَنِيفَةَ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَ لَا تَقِسِ الدِّينَ بِرَأْيِكَ فَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَاسَ إِبْلِيسُ أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ بِالسُّجُودِ لآِدَمَ فَقَالَ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ خَلَقْتَنِي مِنْ نارٍ وَ خَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ طِينٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَ تُحْسِنُ أَنْ تَقِيسَ رَأْسَكَ مِنْ بَدَنِكَ قَالَ لَا قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ عليه السلام فَأَخْبِرْنِي لِأَيِّ شَيْ ءٍ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ الْمُلُوحَةَ فِي الْعَيْنَيْنِ وَ الْمَرَارَةَ فِي الْأُذُنَيْنِ وَ الْمَاءَ الْمُنْتِنَ فِي الْمَنْخِرَيْنِ وَ الْعُذُوبَةَ فِي الشَّفَتَيْنِ قَالَ لَا أَدْرِي قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ عليه السلام لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى خَلَقَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ فَجَعَلَهُمَا شَحْمَتَيْنِ وَ جَعَلَ الْمُلُوحَةَ فِيهِمَا مَنّاً مِنْهُ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَذَابَتَا وَ جَعَلَ الْأُذُنَيْنِ مُرَّتَيْنِ وَ لَوْ لَا ذَلِكَ لَهَجَمَتِ الدَّوَابُّ وَ أَكَلَتْ دِمَاغَهُ وَ جَعَلَ الْمَاءَ فِي الْمَنْخِرَيْنِ لِيَصْعَدَ مِنْهُ النَّفَسُ وَ يَنْزِلَ وَ يَجِدَ مِنْهُ الرِّيحَ الطَّيِّبَةَ مِنَ الْخَبِيثَةِ وَ جَعَلَ الْعُذُوبَةَ

'Ilal al-Shara'i': Ahmad b. al-Hasan al-Qattan relates from Ibn Shubruma that he said: Abu Hanifa and I came in upon Ja'far b. Muhammad, peace be upon them. The Imam, peace be upon him, said to Abu Hanifa: Fear God and do not use analogy in religion by your own opinion, for the first to use analogy was Iblis. God commanded him to prostrate to Adam, and he answered: "I am better than he; You created me from fire and created him from clay" — I am better than Adam, since You created me from fire and him from clay. Then the Imam said to Abu Hanifa: Can you use analogy upon your own head? Abu Hanifa said: No. The Imam said: Tell me why the Truth, exalted be He, placed saltiness in the eyes, bitterness in the ears, foul water in the nasal passages and sweetness in the two lips? Abu Hanifa said: I do not know. The Imam said: The reason is that the Truth, blessed and exalted, made the substance of the eyes fat and, as a favour to man, placed saltiness in them, because otherwise the eyes would melt away. And He placed a bitter substance in the ears, for otherwise creatures and insects would swarm into them and would find their way through the ear to the brain and devour it. And He placed water in the two nasal passages so that the breath may pass up and down through them and so that a good smell may be distinguished from a bad one. And He placed sweetness in the two lips