ابْنِ زِيَادٍ ١قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عليهما السلام وَ قَدْ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى فَلِلَّهِ الْحُجَّةُ الْبالِغَةُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ لِلْعَبْدِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَ كُنْتَ عَالِماً فَإِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ لَهُ أَ فَلَا عَمِلْتَ بِمَا عَلِمْتَ وَ إِنْ قَالَ كُنْتُ جَاهِلًا قَالَ لَهُ أَ فَلَا تَعَلَّمْتَ حَتَّى تَعْمَلَ فَيَخْصِمُهُ وَ ذَلِكَ الْحُجَّةُ الْبَالِغَةُ.
Ibn Ziyad (1), who said: I heard Ja'far b. Muhammad, peace be upon them both — and he had been asked about His words, exalted be He, "To God belongs the conclusive argument" — and he said: Indeed God the Exalted will say to the servant on the Day of Resurrection: Were you a knower? And if he says yes, He says to him: Then why did you not act by what you knew? And if he says: I was ignorant, He says to him: Then why did you not learn, that you might act? So He overcomes him in the argument; and that is the conclusive argument.
«59»- م، تفسير الإمام عليه السلام قَالَ الْإِمَامُ عليه السلام دَخَلَ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام يَا جَابِرُ قِوَامُ هَذِهِ الدُّنْيَا بِأَرْبَعَةٍ عَالِمٌ يَسْتَعْمِلُ عِلْمَهُ وَ جَاهِلٌ لَا يَسْتَنْكِفُ أَنْ يَتَعَلَّمَ وَ غَنِيٌّ جَوَادٌ بِمَعْرُوفِهِ وَ فَقِيرٌ لَا يَبِيعُ آخِرَتَهُ بِدُنْيَا غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام فَإِذَا كَتَمَ الْعَالِمُ الْعِلْمَ أَهْلَهُ وَ زَهَا الْجَاهِلُ فِي تَعَلُّمِ مَا لَا بُدَّ مِنْهُ وَ بَخِلَ الْغَنِيُّ بِمَعْرُوفِهِ وَ بَاعَ الْفَقِيرُ دِينَهُ بِدُنْيَا غَيْرِهِ حَلَّ الْبَلَاءُ وَ عَظُمَ الْعِقَابُ.
«59»- m, the Tafsir of the Imam, peace be upon him: The Imam, peace be upon him, said: Jabir b. 'Abd Allah al-Ansari came in upon the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, and the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: O Jabir, the subsistence of this world is by four: a scholar who employs his knowledge; an ignorant man who does not disdain to learn; a rich man generous with his kindness; and a poor man who does not sell his hereafter for the world of another. Then the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, said: So when the scholar conceals knowledge from its people, and the ignorant man is vain about the learning of what he cannot do without, and the rich man is miserly with his kindness, and the poor man sells his religion for the world of another — then affliction descends and the punishment is great.
«60»- جع، جامع الأخبار عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللّٰه عليه و آله يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ يَلْتَمِسُ بَاباً مِنَ الْعِلْمِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّ قَدَمٍ ثَوَابَ نَبِيٍّ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَ أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ بِكُلِّ حَرْفٍ يَسْمَعُ أَوْ يَكْتُبُ مَدِينَةً فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَ طَالِبُ الْعِلْمِ أَحَبَّهُ اللَّهُ وَ أَحَبَّهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَ أَحَبَّهُ النَّبِيُّونَ وَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْعِلْمَ إِلَّا السَّعِيدُ فَطُوبَى لِطَالِبِ الْعِلْمِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَ مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ يَلْتَمِسُ بَاباً مِنَ الْعِلْمِ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ قَدَمٍ ثَوَابَ شَهِيدٍ مِنْ شُهَدَاءِ بَدْرٍ وَ طَالِبُ الْعِلْمِ حَبِيبُ اللَّهِ وَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ الْعِلْمَ وَجَبَتْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةُ وَ يُصْبِحُ وَ يُمْسِي فِي رِضَا اللَّهِ وَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى يَشْرَبَ مِنَ الْكَوْثَرِ وَ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ ثَمَرَةِ الْجَنَّةِ وَ يَكُونُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَفِيقَ خَضِرٍ عليه السلام وَ هَذَا كُلُّهُ تَحْتَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ يَرْفَعِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجاتٍ
«60»- j', Jami' al-Akhbar: from Abu Dharr, who said: The Messenger of God — may God bless him and his family — said: O Abu Dharr, whoever goes out from his house seeking a door of knowledge, God, mighty and majestic, writes for him, for every footstep, the reward of a prophet among the prophets; and God gives him, for every letter that he hears or writes, a city in the Garden. And the seeker of knowledge — God loves him, and the angels love him, and the prophets love him; and none loves knowledge save the felicitous. So blessedness to the seeker of knowledge on the Day of Resurrection! And whoever goes out from his house seeking a door of knowledge, God writes for him, for every footstep, the reward of a martyr among the martyrs of Badr. And the seeker of knowledge is the beloved of God; and whoever loves knowledge, the Garden becomes due for him; and he rises at morning and comes to evening in the good pleasure of God; and he does not depart from this world until he drinks of al-Kawthar and eats of the fruit of the Garden and becomes in the Garden the comrade of al-Khidr, peace be upon him. And all this is under this verse: "God raises up those of you who believe, and those who have been given knowledge, in degrees."
بيان: المراد بثواب النبي إما ثواب عمل من أعماله أو ثوابه الاستحقاقي فإنه قليل بالنظر إلى ما يتفضل اللّٰه تعالى عليه من الثواب و كذا الشهيد.
Elucidation: what is meant by the reward of the prophet is either the reward of one of his deeds, or his merited reward — for it is little in comparison with what God the Exalted bestows upon him of reward as a favour; and likewise the martyr.