وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْمُرَائِي فَأَرْبَعَةٌ يَحْرِصُ فِي الْعَمَلِ لِلَّهِ إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ أَحَدٌ وَ يَكْسَلُ إِذَا كَانَ وَحْدَهُ وَ يَحْرِصُ فِي كُلِّ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى الْمَحْمَدَةِ وَ يُحْسِنُ سَمْتَهُ بِجُهْدِهِ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ فَاجِرٌ دَخْلُهُ يُخَالِفُ لِسَانُهُ قَلْبَهُ وَ قَوْلُهُ فِعْلَهُ وَ سَرِيرَتُهُ عَلَانِيَتَهُ فَوَيْلٌ لِلْمُنَافِقِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْحَاسِدِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ الْغِيبَةُ وَ التَّمَلُّقُ وَ الشَّمَاتَةُ بِالْمُصِيبَةِ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْمُسْرِفِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ الْفَخْرُ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَ يَشْتَرِي مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ وَ يَلْبَسُ مَا لَيْسَ لَهُ وَ يَأْكُلُ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْغَافِلِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ الْعَمَى وَ السَّهْوُ وَ اللَّهْوُ وَ النِّسْيَانُ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْكَسْلَانِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ يَتَوَانَى حَتَّى يُفَرِّطَ وَ يُفَرِّطُ حَتَّى يُضَيِّعَ وَ يُضَيِّعُ حَتَّى يَأْثَمَ وَ يَضْجَرَ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْكَذَّابِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ إِنْ قَالَ لَمْ يَصْدُقْ وَ إِنْ قِيلَ لَهُ لَمْ يُصَدِّقْ وَ النَّمِيمَةُ وَ الْبَهْتُ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْفَاسِقِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ اللَّهْوُ وَ اللَّغْوُ وَ الْعُدْوَانُ وَ الْبُهْتَانُ وَ أَمَّا عَلَامَةُ الْجَائِرِ فَأَرْبَعَةٌ عِصْيَانُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَ أَذَى الْجِيرَانِ وَ بُغْضُ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الْقُرْبُ إِلَى الطُّغْيَانِ فَقَالَ شَمْعُونُ لَقَدْ شَفَيْتَنِي وَ بَصَّرْتَنِي مِنْ عَمَايَ فَعَلِّمْنِي طَرَائِقَ أَهْتَدِي بِهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى اللّٰه عليه و آله يَا شَمْعُونُ إِنَّ لَكَ أَعْدَاءً يَطْلُبُونَكَ وَ يُقَاتِلُونَكَ لِيَسْلُبُوا دِينَكَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَ الْإِنْسِ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ مِنَ الْإِنْسِ فَقَوْمٌ لَا خَلَاقَ لَهُمْ فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَ لَا رَغْبَةَ لَهُمْ فِيمَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا هَمُّهُمْ تَعْيِيرُ النَّاسِ بِأَعْمَالِهِمْ لَا يُعَيِّرُونَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَ لَا يُحَاذِرُونَ أَعْمَالَهُمْ إِنْ رَأَوْكَ صَالِحاً حَسَدُوكَ وَ قَالُوا مُرَاءٍ وَ إِنْ رَأَوْكَ فَاسِداً قَالُوا لَا خَيْرَ فِيهِ وَ أَمَّا أَعْدَاؤُكَ مِنَ الْجِنِّ فَإِبْلِيسُ وَ جُنُودُهُ فَإِذَا أَتَاكَ فَقَالَ مَاتَ ابْنُكَ فَقُلْ إِنَّمَا خُلِقَ الْأَحْيَاءُ لِيَمُوتُوا وَ تَدْخُلُ بَضْعَةٌ ١مِنِّي الْجَنَّةَ إِنَّهُ لَيَسْرِي فَإِذَا أَتَاكَ وَ قَالَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ مَالُكَ فَقُلْ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَعْطَى وَ أَخَذَ وَ أَذْهَبَ عَنِّي الزَّكَاةَ فَلَا زَكَاةَ عَلَيَّ وَ إِذَا أَتَاكَ وَ قَالَ لَكَ النَّاسُ يَظْلِمُونَكَ وَ أَنْتَ لَا تَظْلِمُ فَقُلْ إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ يَوْمَ

As for the mark of the ostentatious, it is four: he is eager in working for God when someone is with him, and slothful when he is alone; and he is eager in all his affairs for praise; and he beautifies his outward bearing with all his effort. As for the mark of the hypocrite, it is four: his inward is corrupt; his tongue differs from his heart, and his speech from his deed, and his inner state from his outward. So woe to the hypocrite from the Fire. As for the mark of the envier, it is four: backbiting, fawning, and gloating at misfortune. As for the mark of the prodigal, it is four: boasting in falsehood; and he buys what is not his, and wears what is not his, and eats what he does not have. As for the mark of the heedless, it is four: blindness, inadvertence, diversion and forgetfulness. As for the mark of the slothful, it is four: he is slack until he falls short, and falls short until he squanders, and squanders until he sins and grows vexed. As for the mark of the great liar, it is four: if he speaks he does not speak truth, and if he is spoken to he does not believe; and talebearing, and calumny. As for the mark of the transgressor, it is four: diversion, idle talk, transgression and slander. As for the mark of the unjust, it is four: disobedience to the Merciful, the harming of neighbours, hatred of the Qur'an, and nearness to tyranny. So Sham'un said: You have healed me and given me sight after my blindness; so teach me paths by which I may be guided. So the Messenger of God — may God bless him and his family — said: Sham'un, you have enemies who seek you and fight you to strip your religion from you, of the jinn and of mankind. As for those of mankind, they are a people who have no portion in the hereafter and no desire for what is with God; their whole concern is to reproach people for their deeds, while they do not reproach themselves nor beware of their own deeds. If they see you righteous they envy you and say: he is a show-off; and if they see you corrupt they say: there is no good in him. As for your enemies among the jinn, they are Iblis and his hosts. So when he comes to you and says: your son has died — say: the living were created only to die, and a piece (1) of me enters the Garden; that indeed gladdens. And when he comes to you and says: your wealth has gone — say: praise be to God, who gave and took, and has taken away from me the alms-due, so no alms-due is upon me. And when he comes to you and says: people wrong you while you do not wrong — say: the way is only on the Day