Misbah Library
Allama Muhammad Baqir al-Majlisi 2 108

«9»- مع، معاني الأخبار أَبِی عَنْ سَعْدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ الْخَطَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَحْبُوبٍ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عليه السلام فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ الشُّعَراءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغاوُونَ قَالَ هَلْ رَأَيْتَ شَاعِراً يَتَّبِعُهُ أَحَدٌ إِنَّمَا هُمْ قَوْمٌ تَفَقَّهُوا لِغَيْرِ الدِّينِ فَضَلُّوا وَ أَضَلُّوا.

Ma'ani al-Akhbar: Hammad b. 'Uthman says: Imam al-Baqir, peace be upon him, said concerning the words of God, mighty and exalted, "And the poets — the perverse follow them": Have you seen a poet whom anyone follows? Rather they are a company who acquire knowledge for other than religion; for this reason they go astray and lead people astray too.

بيان: التعبير عنهم بالشعراء لأنهم كالشعراء مبنى أحكامهم و آرائهم على الخيالات الباطلة.

Elucidation: Scholars who acquire knowledge for other than God are called poets because, like poets, their rulings and opinions are built upon vain imaginings.

«10»- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْخَطَّابِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ الْجَبَلِيِّ ١بِإِسْنَادِهِ يَرْفَعُهُ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عليه السلام قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يُعَذِّبُ سِتَّةً بِسِتٍّ الْعَرَبَ بِالْعَصَبِيَّةِ وَ الدَّهَاقِنَةَ بِالْكِبْرِ وَ الْأُمَرَاءَ بِالْجَوْرِ وَ الْفُقَهَاءَ بِالْحَسَدِ وَ التُّجَّارَ بِالْخِيَانَةِ وَ أَهْلَ الرُّسْتَاقِ بِالْجَهْلِ.

Al-Khisal: Imam 'Ali, peace be upon him, said: God punishes six groups for six qualities: the Arabs for bigotry and racial pride; the landed chiefs and village heads for arrogance and self-importance; the commanders and governors for oppression; the jurists for envy; the merchants for treachery; and the villagers for ignorance.

بيان: الدهاقنة جمع الدهقان و هو معرب دهبان أي رئيس القرية.

Elucidation: "Al-dahaqina" is the plural of "dihqan", an arabised form of "dihban", that is, the head of a village.

«11»- ل، الخصال مَاجِيلَوَيْهِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَطَّارِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ عَنِ الْخَشَّابِ عَنِ ابْنِ مِهْرَانَ وَ ابْنِ أَسْبَاطٍ فِيمَا أَعْلَمُ عَنْ بَعْضِ رِجَالِهِمَا قَالَ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام إِنَّ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَنْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَخْزُنَ عِلْمَهُ وَ لَا يُؤْخَذَ عَنْهُ فَذَلِكَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَنْ إِذَا وُعِظَ أَنِفَ وَ إِذَا وَعَظَ عَنَّفَ فَذَاكَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الثَّانِي مِنَ النَّارِ وَ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَنْ يَرَى أَنْ يَضَعَ الْعِلْمَ عِنْدَ ذَوِي الثَّرْوَةِ وَ الشَّرَفِ وَ لَا يَرَى لَهُ فِي الْمَسَاكِينِ وَضْعاً فَذَاكَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الثَّالِثِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَنْ يَذْهَبُ فِي عِلْمِهِ مَذْهَبَ الْجَبَابِرَةِ وَ السَّلَاطِينِ فَإِنْ رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ شَيْ ءٌ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ أَوْ قُصِّرَ فِي شَيْ ءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ غَضِبَ فَذَاكَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الرَّابِعِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَنْ يَطْلُبُ أَحَادِيثَ الْيَهُودِ وَ النَّصَارَی لِيَغْزُرَ بِهِ عِلْمُهُ وَ يَكْثُرَ بِهِ حَدِيثُهُ فَذَاكَ فِي الدَّرْكِ الْخَامِسِ مِنَ النَّارِ وَ مِنَ الْعُلَمَاءِ مَنْ يَضَعُ نَفْسَهُ لِلْفُتْيَا وَ يَقُولُ سَلُونِي وَ لَعَلَّهُ لَا

Al-Khisal: Imam al-Sadiq, peace be upon him, said: Some scholars wish to hoard their knowledge so that people may not benefit from it; these are in the first level of Hell. Some scholars, when they are admonished, take offence, and when they admonish, they are harsh; these are in the second level of Hell. Some scholars are of aristocratic temper and count the wealthy and the noble worthy of being taught knowledge but do not count the poor worthy; these are in the third level of Hell. Some scholars are of kingly temper and tyrannical: if their words are objected to, or if any shortcoming occurs in serving them, they grow angry; these are in the fourth level of Hell. Some scholars acquire the hadiths of the Jews and Christians in order to strengthen their own learning and increase the number of their reports; these are in the fifth level of Hell. Some scholars set themselves up as authorities and say: Ask us about your rulings — though perhaps they have not grasped a single word

(١)1- قال صاحب التنقيح: الجبلي نسبة إلى الجبل- كورة بحمّص- أو الی بلاد الجبل من بلاد الديالمة و هو المشهور في النسبة الى الجبل على الإطلاق، او الی الجبل- بفتح الجيم و ضم الباء الموحدة المشددة و اللام- بليدة بشاطئ الدجلة من الجانب الشرقي بين النعمانية و واسط، و منها جمع محدّثون، و النسبة علی الأول بالتخفيف و علی الثالث بالتشديد. أقول: هو محمّد بن أسلم الجبلي الطبريّ أبو جعفر المترجم في الفهرست و رجال النجاشيّ و غيرهما، قال النجاشيّ «في ص 260»: أصله كوفيّ يتجر الی طبرستان يقال: إنّه كان غاليا فاسد الحديث، روى عن الرضا عليه السلام.The author of al-Tanqih says: "al-Jabali" is an ascription to "al-Jabal" — a district in Hims — or to the lands of al-Jabal in the country of the Daylamites, which is the well-known ascription to "al-Jabal" without qualification; or to "al-Jubbal" — with fatha on the jim, damma and shadda on the ba' and the lam — a small town on the bank of the Tigris on the eastern side, between al-Nu'maniyya and Wasit, from which a number of hadith scholars have come. The ascription on the first sense is without shadda and on the third with shadda. I say: he is Muhammad b. Aslam al-Jabali al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far, whose biography is in the Fihrist, al-Najashi's Rijal and elsewhere. Al-Najashi says (on p. 260): he was originally of Kufa and traded to Tabaristan; it is said that he was an extremist and corrupt in hadith. He related from al-Rida, peace be upon him.