Misbah Library
Allama Muhammad Baqir al-Majlisi 1 84

الغني بالمال و الحرية تحتمل المعنى الظاهر فإنها كمال في الدنيا و ضدها غالبا يكون مانعا عن تحصيل الكمالات الأخروية و يحتمل أن يكون المراد بها الانعتاق عن عبودية الشهوات النفسانية و الانطلاق عن أسر الوساوس الشيطانية و اللّٰه يعلم.

…sufficiency through wealth. As for "freedom", it may carry its apparent meaning, for it is a perfection in this world and its opposite is generally an obstacle to attaining the perfections of the hereafter; and it may be that what is meant by it is emancipation from bondage to the appetites of the soul and release from captivity to satanic whisperings. And God knows best.

«5»- لي، الأمالي للصدوق لَا جَمَالَ أَزْيَنُ مِنَ الْعَقْلِ.

5«5»- al-Amali of al-Saduq: There is no beauty more adorning than the intellect.

رواه في خطبة طويلة عن أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام سيجي ء تمامها في باب خطبه عليه السلام

He narrated it within a long sermon from the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him; its full text will come in the chapter on his sermons, peace be upon him.

«6»- لي، الأمالي للصدوق ابْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَعْقُوبَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْأَحْمَرِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّادِقِ عليه السلام فُلَانٌ مِنْ عِبَادَتِهِ وَ دِينِهِ وَ فَضْلِهِ كَذَا وَ كَذَا قَالَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ عَقْلُهُ فَقُلْتُ لَا أَدْرِي فَقَالَ إِنَّ الثَّوَابَ عَلَى قَدْرِ الْعَقْلِ إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي جَزِيرَةٍ مِنْ جَزَائِرِ الْبَحْرِ خَضْرَاءَ نَضِرَةٍ كَثِيرَةِ الشَّجَرِ طَاهِرَةِ الْمَاءِ وَ إِنَّ مَلَكاً مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مَرَّ بِهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَبِّ أَرِنِي ثَوَابَ عَبْدِكَ هَذَا فَأَرَاهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ ذَلِكَ فَاسْتَقَلَّهُ الْمَلَكُ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَيْهِ أَنِ اصْحَبْهُ فَأَتَاهُ الْمَلَكُ فِي صُورَةِ إِنْسِيٍّ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَنْ أَنْتَ قَالَ أَنَا رَجُلٌ عَابِدٌ بَلَغَنَا مَكَانُكَ وَ عِبَادَتُكَ بِهَذَا الْمَكَانِ فَجِئْتُ لِأَعْبُدَ مَعَكَ فَكَانَ مَعَهُ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ قَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ إِنَّ مَكَانَكَ لَنَزِهَةٌ قَالَ لَيْتَ لِرَبِّنَا بَهِيمَةً فَلَوْ كَانَ لِرَبِّنَا حِمَارٌ لَرَعَيْنَاهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ فَإِنَّ هَذَا الْحَشِيشَ يَضِيعُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْمَلَكُ وَ مَا لِرَبِّكَ حِمَارٌ فَقَالَ لَوْ كَانَ لَهُ حِمَارٌ مَا كَانَ يَضِيعُ مِثْلُ هَذَا الْحَشِيشِ فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ إِلَى الْمَلَكِ إِنَّمَا أُثِيبُهُ عَلَى قَدْرِ عَقْلِهِ ١.

6«6»- al-Amali of al-Saduq: Ibn Musa, from Muhammad b. Ya'qub, from 'Ali b. Muhammad b. 'Abd Allah, from Ibrahim b. Ishaq al-Ahmar, from Muhammad b. Sulayman, from his father, who said: I said to Abu 'Abd Allah al-Sadiq, peace be upon him: So-and-so, in his worship, his religion and his merit, is such and such. He said: How is his intellect? I said: I do not know. He said: Reward is according to the measure of the intellect. There was a man of the Children of Israel who used to worship God, mighty and exalted, on an island among the islands of the sea — green, verdant, thick with trees, with pure water. An angel among the angels passed by him and said: My Lord, show me the reward of this servant of Yours. So God, mighty and exalted, showed it to him, and the angel thought it little. Then God, mighty and exalted, revealed to him: Keep his company. So the angel came to him in the form of a man, and he said to him: Who are you? He said: I am a worshipping man; word of your place and your worship here reached us, so I have come to worship alongside you. He stayed with him that day, and when morning came the angel said to him: Your place here is truly a pleasant one. He said: Would that our Lord had a beast! If our Lord had a donkey we would pasture it in this spot, for this grass is going to waste. The angel said to him: But your Lord has no donkey. He said: Had He a donkey, grass such as this would not be going to waste. Then God, mighty and exalted, revealed to the angel: I reward him only according to the measure of his intellect. (1)

(١)يمكن أن يقال: أن المراد من الثواب ما اعد للمستضعفين و البله، أو يقال: إن الثواب يترتب علي روح الطاعة، و كون العبد منقادا و مطيعا لامر مولاه، كما أن العقاب يترتب علي العصيان، و كونه في مقام التجري و العناد، فحيث إن العابد كان مؤمنا و منقادا للّٰه تعالي فيترتب الثواب علي ايمانه و انقياده و ان كان في ادراك بعض صفاته تعالي قاصرا و لذا تري أنّه لحبه و انقياده للمولي يتمنى أن ترجع المنفعة إليه سبحانه كما يشعر بذلك قوله: ليت لربنا بهيمة. و قوله: فلو كان لربنا حمار لرعيناه. هذا كله على فرض دلالة الحديث على اعتقاده بالتجسم، و يمكن أن يقال: ان حسن انتخاب الإنسان يكشف عن كمال عقله، و عدمه علي عدمه، فانتخاب الممتنع مع إمكان انتخاب الممكن او تفضيل الاخس و هو رعي حماره على الأشرف و هو مناجاته و عبادته تعالي يكشف عن قصور عقله، فالعابد لم يكن ممن يقول بجسميته سبحانه كما يشعر بذلك كلمة «لو وليت» و لكن لما كان عقله ناقصا فالثواب التام لا يليق به.It may be said that what is meant by the reward is what is prepared for the weak and the simple-minded; or it may be said that reward follows upon the spirit of obedience and upon the servant's being compliant and obedient to his Master's command, just as punishment follows upon disobedience and upon his being in a posture of insolence and obstinacy. Since this worshipper was a believer, compliant toward God, exalted, reward follows upon his faith and his compliance even though he fell short in grasping some of God's attributes. And so you see that out of his love and compliance toward the Master he wishes the benefit to return to Him, glory be to Him, as is suggested by his words "Would that our Lord had a beast" and "If our Lord had a donkey we would pasture it" — all of this on the assumption that the report indicates his believing in corporeality. And it may be said that the soundness of a person's choices discloses the completeness of his intellect, and the absence of such soundness discloses its absence; so choosing the impossible when the possible could be chosen, or preferring the baser thing — pasturing his donkey — over the nobler, which is intimate discourse with God and worship of Him, discloses the deficiency of his intellect. On this reading the worshipper was not one who held God, glory be to Him, to be corporeal, as the phrase "if I were entrusted with it" suggests; but since his intellect was deficient, the full reward did not befit him.