لَزِمَ بَيْتَهُ وَ لَمْ يَتَعَرَّفْ إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ إِخْوَانِهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ يَتَفَقَّهُ هَذَا فِي دِينِهِ.
he kept to his house and did not make himself known to any of his brethren. He said: And he said: How shall this one gain understanding in his religion?
«61»- وَ عَنْهُ عليه السلام لَا يَسَعُ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَسْأَلُوا وَ يَتَفَقَّهُوا وَ يَعْرِفُوا إِمَامَهُمْ وَ يَسَعُهُمْ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوا بِمَا يَقُولُ وَ إِنْ كَانَ تَقِيَّةً.
«61»- And from him, peace be upon him: There is no latitude for people until they ask and gain understanding and know their Imam; and it is permitted to them to take by what he says, even if it be dissimulation.
«62»- كِتَابُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام قَالَ: لَا يَصْلُحُ الْمَرْءُ إِلَّا عَلَى ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ التَّفَقُّهِ فِي الدِّينِ وَ حُسْنِ التَّقْدِيرِ فِي الْمَعِيشَةِ وَ الصَّبْرِ عَلَى النَّائِبَةِ.
«62»- The book of al-Husayn b. 'Uthman, from more than one, from Abu 'Abd Allah, peace be upon him, who said: A man is not made sound save upon three traits: understanding in religion, and goodness of measured management in livelihood, and patience in misfortune.
باب 7 آداب طلب العلم و أحكامه
Chapter 7: The etiquette of seeking knowledge and its rulings
الآيات:
The verses:
المائدة: يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَسْئَلُوا عَنْ أَشْياءَ إِنْ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ تَسُؤْكُمْ وَ إِنْ تَسْئَلُوا عَنْها حِينَ يُنَزَّلُ الْقُرْآنُ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْها وَ اللَّهُ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ قَدْ سَأَلَها قَوْمٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ ثُمَّ أَصْبَحُوا بِها كافِرِينَ
al-Ma'ida: "O you who believe, do not ask about things which, if they were made plain to you, would grieve you; and if you ask about them while the Qur'an is being sent down, they will be made plain to you. God has pardoned them; and God is Forgiving, Forbearing. A people before you asked about them, then became by them unbelievers"
طه: وَ لا تَعْجَلْ بِالْقُرْآنِ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُقْضى إِلَيْكَ وَحْيُهُ وَ قُلْ رَبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْماً
Ta Ha: "And do not hasten with the Qur'an before its revelation to you is completed; and say: My Lord, increase me in knowledge"
«1»- ل، الخصال ابْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَنِ الصَّفَّارِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ الْقَدَّاحِ عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عليه السلام قَالَ: أَرْبَعَةٌ لَا يَشْبَعْنَ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةٍ الْأَرْضُ مِنَ الْمَطَرِ وَ الْعَيْنُ مِنَ النَّظَرِ وَ الْأُنْثَى مِنَ الذَّكَرِ وَ الْعَالِمُ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ.
«1»- l, al-Khisal: Ibn al-Walid, from al-Saffar, from Ja'far b. Muhammad b. 'Ubayd Allah, from al-Qaddah, from Abu 'Abd Allah, peace be upon him, who said: Four are never sated with four: the earth of rain, and the eye of looking, and the female of the male, and the knower of knowledge.
سن، المحاسن أبي رفعه إلى أبي عبد اللّٰه عليه السلام مثله- ن، عيون أخبار الرضا عليه السلام ل، الخصال في سؤالات الشامي عن أمير المؤمنين عليه السلام مثله إلا بترك التعريف في الجميع.
sn, al-Mahasin: my father, raising it to Abu 'Abd Allah, peace be upon him, the like of it. — n, 'Uyun Akhbar al-Rida, peace be upon him; l, al-Khisal: in the questions of the Syrian, from the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, the like of it, save by the dropping of the definite article in all of them.
«2»- شي، تفسير العياشي عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الرِّضَا عليه السلام وَ كَتَبَ فِي آخِرِهِ أَ وَ لَمْ تُنْهَوْا عَنْ كَثْرَةِ الْمَسَائِلِ فَأَبَيْتُمْ أَنْ تَنْتَهُوا إِيَّاكُمْ وَ ذَاكَ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ سُؤَالِهِمْ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ يا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَسْئَلُوا عَنْ أَشْياءَ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ كافِرِينَ.
«2»- shy, the Tafsir of al-'Ayyashi: from Ahmad b. Muhammad, who said: Abu al-Hasan al-Rida, peace be upon him, wrote to me, and he wrote at the end of it: Were you not forbidden much questioning, and you refused to desist? Beware of that; for those who were before you perished only by the abundance of their questioning. And God said: "O you who believe, do not ask about things" — down to His words, "unbelievers."