قَطَعَكُمْ وَ تَعْفُوا عَمَّنْ ظَلَمَكُمْ وَ تَعْطِفُوا عَلَى مَنْ حَرَمَكُمْ وَ لْيَكُنْ نَظَرُكُمْ عَبَراً وَ صَمْتُكُمْ فِكْراً وَ قَوْلُكُمْ ذِكْراً وَ إِيَّاكُمْ وَ الْبُخْلَ وَ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالسَّخَاءِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ بَخِيلٌ وَ لَا يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ سَخِيٌّ.

has cut you off, and pardon him who has wronged you, and show tenderness to him who has deprived you. And let your looking be a taking-of-lesson, and your silence reflection, and your speech remembrance. And beware of miserliness, and take to open-handedness; for no miser enters the Garden, and no open-handed man enters the Fire.

بيان: التعنيف اللوم و التعيير بعنف و ترك الرفق و الغلظة و كلاهما محتمل و السر و العلانية بالنظر إلى الخلق و الرضا و الغضب أي سواء كان راضيا عمن يعدل فيه أو ساخطا عليه و الحاصل أن لا يصير رضاه عن أحد أو سخطه عليه سببا للخروج عن الحق و الاكتساب يحتمل اكتساب الدنيا و الآخرة.

Elucidation: al-ta'nif is blaming and reproaching with harshness and the leaving of gentleness, and both are possible. And secret and open are with respect to creation. And contentment and anger — that is, whether he is content with the one he deals justly with, or displeased with him. The upshot is that his contentment with someone or his displeasure with him should not become a cause of departing from the truth. And earning admits of the earning of this world and of the hereafter.

يَا هِشَامُ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ مَنِ اسْتَحْيَا مِنَ اللَّهِ حَقَّ الْحَيَاءِ فَحَفِظَ الرَّأْسَ وَ مَا حَوَى وَ الْبَطْنَ وَ مَا وَعَى وَ ذَكَرَ الْمَوْتَ وَ الْبِلَى وَ عَلِمَ أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ مَحْفُوفَةٌ بِالْمَكَارِهِ وَ النَّارَ مَحْفُوفَةٌ بِالشَّهَوَاتِ.

Hisham, God have mercy on him who is ashamed before God with the due of shame: so he guards the head and what it holds, and the belly and what it contains; and remembers death and decay; and knows that the Garden is hedged about with things disliked and the Fire is hedged about with appetites.

بيان: و ما حوى أي ما حواه الرأس من العين و الأذن و اللسان و سائر المشاعر بأن يحفظها عما يحرم عليه و البطن و ما وعى أي ما جمعه من الطعام و الشراب بأن لا يكونا من حرام و البلى بالكسر الاندراس و الاضمحلال في القبر قال في النهاية فيه الاستحياء من اللّٰه حق الحياء أن لا تنسوا المقابر و البلى و الجوف و ما وعى أي ما جمع من الطعام و الشراب حتى يكونا من حلهما انتهى و قال بعضهم الجوف البطن و الفرج و هما الأجوفان و بعضهم روى الخبر هكذا فليحفظ الرأس و ما وعى و البطن و ما حوى فقال أي ما وعاه الرأس من العين و الأذن و اللسان أي يحفظه عن أن يستعمل فيما لا يرضى اللّٰه و عن أن يسجد لغير اللّٰه و يحفظ البطن و ما حوى أي جمعه فيتصل به من الفرج و الرجلين و اليدين و القلب عن استعمالها في المعاصي انتهى أقول فيحتمل على ما في هذا الخبر أن يكون المراد حفظ البطن عن الحرام و حفظ ما وعاه البطن من القلب عن الاعتقادات الفاسدة و الأخلاق الذميمة و يحتمل أن يكون المراد بما وعاه ما جمعه و أحيط به من الفرجين و سائر الأعضاء كاليدين و الرجلين أو يكون المراد بالبطن ما عدا الرأس مجازا بقرينة المقابلة قوله عليه السلام و الجنة محفوفة بالمكاره أي لا تحصل إلا بمقاساة المكاره في الدنيا.

Elucidation: "and what it holds" — that is, what the head holds of the eye, the ear, the tongue and the rest of the perceptive faculties, in that he guards them from what is forbidden him. "And the belly and what it contains" — that is, what it gathers of food and drink, in that the two should not be from what is forbidden. And al-bila, with kasra, is wearing away and dissolving in the grave. He said in al-Nihaya, concerning it: "Being ashamed before God with the due of shame is that you do not forget the graves and decay, and the cavity and what it contains" — that is, what it gathers of food and drink, so that the two may be from what is lawful for them — end of quotation. And some of them said: al-jawf is the belly and the private parts, and they are the two cavities. And some of them related the report thus: "so let him guard the head and what it contains, and the belly and what it holds", and said: that is, what the head contains of the eye, the ear and the tongue — that is, he guards it from being employed in what does not please God, and from prostrating to other than God; and he guards the belly and what it holds, that is, what it gathers so that it is joined to it, of the private parts, the two feet, the two hands and the heart, from being employed in acts of disobedience — end of quotation. I say: so it is possible, upon what is in this report, that what is meant is the guarding of the belly from the forbidden, and the guarding of what the belly contains of the heart from corrupt beliefs and blameworthy characters. And it is possible that what is meant by what it contains is what it gathers and encompasses, of the two private parts and the rest of the limbs such as the two hands and the two feet; or that what is meant by the belly is what is other than the head, figuratively, by the indication of the contrast. His words, peace be upon him, "and the Garden is hedged about with things disliked" — that is, it is not attained save by enduring things disliked in this world.